Jump to: navigation, search Barranquilla Carnival
  Name as inscribed on the Representative List of PCI.
Cumbiamba in Barranquilla's carnival. Country ColombiaIntangible Cultural ExchangeN. ° ID 00051Latin America and Caribbean RegionRegistration Year 2003 (as a Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity, and as PCI in 2008, Third Session)
The Carnival of Barranquilla is the folk festival and most important cultural and Barranquilla Colombia. [1] [2] [3] More than 1 million people, including locals and visitors annually participate in the festival, [4] which is held from Saturday through Tuesday before Ash Wednesday, usually in February, and sometimes early March. It has a tradition of more than one hundred years. The Carnival season begins the second Saturday in January when the holidays begin public and verbenas, however, other activities directly related to the carnival happen during much of the year. [5] The Carnival of Barranquilla birth occurred in the nineteenth century, [6] [7] [8] [9] and is currently involved nearly 500 folk groups (costumes and floats) and generates an estimated 40 billion dollars in revenue. [10]
Carnival is a cultural event in which all varieties express cultural and folklore of the Caribbean Coast and the most diverse local cultural events, popular music and dance. It is the most representative of the city that attracts and strangers.
Its variety and rich culture, the Carnaval de Barranquilla picked up two awards: "Cultural Patrimony of the Nation", in a statement issued by the National Congress of Colombia on November 26, 2001, and "Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity ", granted by UNESCO in Paris on November 7, 2003. [11] [12]
Contents [hide]1 Origin and evolution2 Activities3 Scenarios4 Groups and folk dances5 Characters and costumes6 Institutionalization7 See also8 References9 External links

[Edit] Origin and evolutionChariot at the Battle of Carnival Flores.El born of the merger between the old pagan festivals and Catholic tradition imposed austerity and penance during Lent. The carnival is celebrated four days before the start of Lent, people give to the party and revelry and disguises in an act of fun and disinhibition. The traditional costumes carnival of Barranquilla are marimonda (barranquillero single source), scribbles, Congo, El Torito and monocuco, the latter of European origin. Are of laughs and scares all kinds of animal species, native and foreign, black Africans; cabezones; insane; muñecotas, super-heroes, mythological beings, gays and Death, between an almost endless number of popular inventions. Features Barranquilla Carnival masks are Torito, tiger and bear, among others. The satirical costumes and alluding to current events are of collective hilarity and cause great anticipation each year. [13]

 Barranquilla Carnival Torito.Craft Carnaval.En bull of 1888 creates the figure of King Momo, male counterpart of the Carnival Queen.In 1899 he created the position of Chairman of the Carnival and Organizing Board.In 1903 he organized the first Battle of Flowers, to celebrate the end of the War of a Thousand Days.In 1918 was elected for the first time the queen to preside over the festivities of Carnival, being chosen Lafaurie Roncallo Alicia.From 1923 he was institutionalizes the reigns, which had been suspended for five years. It is named Tona Vengoechea Vives.In 1967 he entered the Grand Parade to the carnival, parade of folk dances (no floats) that takes place on the second day of carnival.In 1969 he created the Festival of Orchestras, musical genres competition which takes place between the various singers and orchestras performed at the carnival. Winners in each category receive the coveted Golden Congo [14]Since 1974, on the initiative of Esthercita Forero, performed the Guacherna, an event that would rescue a lost tradition, the parades, and drums cumbiambas glad nocturnal city neighborhoods.In 2001, the Carnival of Barranquilla is recognized by "Cultural Patrimony of the Nation" by the National Congress of Colombia.In 2003 he was declared a Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO. [13][Edit] ActivitiesGroup letanías.Durante this time, Barranquilla and a number of foreigners who come to the city to abandon collective enjoyment, to drink and dance.
Precarnavales.The festivities, which are chaired by the Carnival Queen and King Momo appointed last year, starting with the whistles unofficially announcing the arrival of the new year. The events themselves Precarnavales begin with the reading of the proclamation, continue with the capture of the city, the Coronation of the Queen, the Children's Carnival, the Gay Parade and celebration Precarnavales most important, the Guacherna, fantastic a Friday night parade Saturday before Carnival, established in 1974 through the initiative of composer Esthercita Forero.

 The Pollera Colorá.Sábado Cumbiamba CarnivalThe firm Carnival begins with the Battle of Flowers, the central and most important act. It's a great parade of floats, who heads the carnival queen, followed by folk groups and troupes cumbiambas, first organized in 1903 by General Heriberto Arturo Vengoechea to celebrate the end of the War of a Thousand Days. Since 1991 takes place on Route 40, after having performed for years on Avenida Olaya Herrera (race 46), alleys Barracks (race 44) and July 20 (race 43), and on the ride of Bolivar. In parallel conduct other acts as the parade of 17th Street or King Momo Parade Battle of Flowers and the Past in the alley Barracks (race 44).
Carnival Sunday.Held Stop the Great Tradition, parade instituted in 1967, which only presents traditional folk groups, cumbiambas and extras. The Great Parade floats parade no. We also perform the Pipeline 40.
Carnival Monday.
 Orchestra Festival 2007. Presentation of Richie Ray and Bobby Cruz.Se celebrates the Festival of Orchestras (created in 1969), [14] from the early afternoon until early Tuesday. The Festival involved in different musical categories orchestras and groups presented in the numerous carnival dances. Winners in each category receive the coveted Golden Congo held the same day at the Grand Via 40 Fantasy stop.
Mardi Gras.By way of closing is conducted the burial of Joselito Carnaval, which symbolizes the end of the festivities. On this day in many parts of the city are made humorous "burial" of Joselito, a character who symbolizes the joy of the holidays, who had "risen" carnival on Saturday and "dies" the last day tired and "Hung", for "resurrect" the following year in the next carnival. At night is celebrated in the neighborhood down or Peace Square a funny encounter litanies, with which, in simple verses and with characteristic intonation, vented, criticize and comment on current affairs, national and local internationally. The next day, Ash Wednesday begins Lent, a period of religious devotion and abstinence preceding Easter. [15]

 Chariot. [Edit] EscenariosEl Carnival main stage is the Way 40 Industrial Avenue where they develop the Battle of Flowers (Saturday), the Great Parade (Sunday) and the Folk Tradition Parade (Monday). Other scenarios are 17th Street (parade of King Momo), race 44 (Guacherna, Battle of Flowers of Remembrance) and stage Romelio Martinez (Festival of Orchestras, Coronation of the Queen, Reading Bando).
[Edit] Groups and dances folclóricosVer Annex: List of groups, dances and musical groups of the Carnival of Barranquilla

 Garabato.Las Dance dances are a vital component of the Barranquilla Carnival, as well as folk music, litanies and costumes. In Barranquilla's carnival can enjoy the air happier coastal folklore, like cumbia, puya, jalao the chandé, porro, bullerengue, the bird, the mapalé, merecumbé, guaracha, vallenato, rhythms from Africa and the Caribbean Basin, such as salsa and merengue. Cumbia is the main rhythm of Carnival, especially in parades as the Battle of Flowers and the Great Parade. Besides cumbia, highlights the mapalé, rhythm based on the movements of a fish and where women and men move contracting the abdomen. [5]
[Edit] Characters and costumesCostume Marimonda.Es almost endless list of costumes from the imagination during the Carnival of Barranquilla. One of the costumes is the most representative of marimonda, one created by the ingenuity barranquillero, because the others are of European or African origin. He was born when a Barranquilla, having no money to dress, came dressed with a jacket, tie and trousers old, put in reverse and as mask, a sack of flour which opened three holes, to make fun of the rest of his fellow citizens. It is also said that it is a mockery of corrupt state officials. The disguise, currently consists of trousers, long sleeve shirt, tie, sweater or vest, and a mask made from a kind of cloth bag with three holes, lined with fabric filled tubes, a long nose, like a member virile, and ears like those of elephants, with colorful figures. This costume should always be accompanied by a whistle rubber, known as "pea pea", which serves to express intemperate sound waste and the joy that is disguised marimonda. Well known is the saying Barranquilla: "It's not the costume but the jumps marimonda to be given." Some of the characters and traditional costumes and Barranquilla Carnival representative are: [16]
Carnival QueenKing MomoPopular QueenMary MoñitosLa LocaThe Trash DanceLitanies groupsThe cumbiambasGay QueenThe HeadlessThe AfricanDraculaThe MarimondaEl ToritoThe CongoThe MonocucoThe CabezonesThe MuñeconasEl Tigrillo[Edit] InstitutionalizationCasa del Carnaval de Barranquilla.Fantasía.Según Dancers troupe of investigations by the Masters in History Mary M. Escobar Ramírez, the Carnival of Barranquilla was institutionalized until 1959 through these organizations: {1. Mary M. Escobar. Regulations and Taxation for the Carnival of Barranquilla, 1930-1970. In: First Meeting of Researchers Barranquilla Carnival, uniatlantico-Editorial Enhancements editions. Ottawa, 1999.}
In the early twentieth century functioned Commissions Calls Carnival organizersBy 1938 there was the Carnival Celebration Board, established by a decree issued by the Mayor. On the other hand, joined the Women's Committee of Celebration, comprised of distinguished ladies, in order to give the parties greater splendor and excitement.

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Carnaval de Barranquilla
Nombre descrito en la Lista Representativa del PCI.
Cumbiamba en el carnaval de Barranquilla.
País	Colombia
Tipo	Cultural inmaterial
N.° identificación	00051
Región	América Latina y Caribe
Año de inscripción	2003 (como Obra Maestra del Patrimonio Oral e Intangible de la Humanidad, y como PCI en el 2008, III sesión)

[editar] Origen y evolución

Carroza en la Batalla de Flores.

expectativa cada año.^[13]

Torito del Carnaval de Barranquilla.

Artesanía del torito del Carnaval.

[editar] Actividades

Grupo de letanías.

Durante esta época, el barranquillero y un buen número de foráneos que llegan a la ciudad se abandonan al goce colectivo, al trago y el baile.

Precarnavales.

Esthercita Forero.

Cumbiamba La Pollera Colorá.

Sábado de Carnaval

Lunes de Carnaval.

Festival de Orquestas 2007. Presentación de Richie Ray y Bobby Cruz.

recogimiento religioso y de abstención que precede a la Semana Santa.^[15]

Carroza.

Ver Anexo:Lista de grupos, danzas y agrupaciones musicales del Carnaval de Barranquilla

Danza del Garabato.

Disfraz de Marimonda.

[editar] Institucionalización Casa del Carnaval de Barranquilla.